1. show character set [like 'pattern']

显示所有可利用的字符集

mysql> show character set like 'gbk' 
 -> ; 
+---------+------------------------+-------------------+--------+ 
| Charset | Description | Default collation | Maxlen | 
+---------+------------------------+-------------------+--------+ 
| gbk | GBK Simplified Chinese | gbk_chinese_ci | 2 | 
+---------+------------------------+-------------------+--------+ 
1 row in set (0.00 sec) 
mysql> show character set like 'utf%'; 
+---------+---------------+-------------------+--------+ 
| Charset | Description | Default collation | Maxlen | 
+---------+---------------+-------------------+--------+ 
| utf8 | UTF-8 Unicode | utf8_general_ci | 3 | 
+---------+---------------+-------------------+--------+ 
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

Maxlen列用来说明存储这样的一个字符需要几个字节。如上例，存储一个gbk字符需要2个字节，存储一个utf8字符需要3个字符。

2.SHOW [FULL] COLUMNS {FROM | IN} tbl_name [{FROM | IN} db_name] [LIKE 'pattern']

用于显示所给表的列，这里感觉跟desc tbl_name的功能相同。

查询django数据库auth_group表结构

mysql> show columns from auth_group from django; 
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ 
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | 
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ 
| id | int(11) | | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | 
| name | varchar(80) | | UNI | | | 
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ 
2 rows in set (0.00 sec) 
mysql> show columns from django.auth_group; 
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ 
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | 
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ 
| id | int(11) | | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | 
| name | varchar(80) | | UNI | | | 
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ 
2 rows in set (0.00 sec) 
mysql> desc django.auth_group; 
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ 
| Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | 
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ 
| id | int(11) | | PRI | NULL | auto_increment | 
| name | varchar(80) | | UNI | | | 
+-------+-------------+------+-----+---------+----------------+ 
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

3.show create table tbl_name

显示创建表的sql语句

mysql> show create table auth_group; 
+------------+------------------------------------------------------------------ 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
------------------------------------------------------+ 
| Table | Create Table 
+------------+------------------------------------------------------------------ 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
------------------------------------------------------+ 
| auth_group | CREATE TABLE `auth_group` ( 
 `id` int(11) NOT NULL auto_increment, 
 `name` varchar(80) NOT NULL default '', 
 PRIMARY KEY (`id`), 
 UNIQUE KEY `name` (`name`) 
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 | 
+------------+------------------------------------------------------------------ 
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
------------------------------------------------------+ 
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

4.show create database db_name

显示创建db_name时候的sql语句

5.show databases [like 'pattern']

显示当前mysql上所有的数据库

mysql> show databases; 
+----------+ 
| Database | 
+----------+ 
| django | 
| mysql | 
| test | 
| trac | 
+----------+ 
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)

6.show tables [like 'pattern']

显示当前数据库上的所有表

mysql> show tables; 
+----------------------------+ 
| Tables_in_django | 
+----------------------------+ 
| auth_group | 
| auth_group_permissions | 
| auth_message | 
| auth_permission | 
| auth_user | 
| auth_user_groups | 
| auth_user_user_permissions | 
| django_content_type | 
| django_session | 
| django_site | 
| polls_choice | 
| polls_poll | 
+----------------------------+ 
12 rows in set (0.00 sec)

7.show grants [for user]

显示对user的授权语句

mysql> show grants; 
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
---------------------------------------------------------+ 
| Grants for root@localhost 
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
---------------------------------------------------------+ 
| GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY PASSWORD '*A4B 
6157319038724E35608' WITH GRANT OPTION | 
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 
---------------------------------------------------------+ 
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

8.SHOW {INDEX | INDEXES | KEYS} {FROM | IN} tbl_name [{FROM | IN} db_name]

显示索引

mysql> show index from auth_group; 
+------------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+- 
------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+ 
| Table | Non_unique | Key_name | Seq_in_index | Column_name | Collation | 
Cardinality | Sub_part | Packed | Null | Index_type | Comment | 
+------------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+- 
------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+ 
| auth_group | 0 | PRIMARY | 1 | id | A | 
 0 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | 
| auth_group | 0 | name | 1 | name | A | 
 0 | NULL | NULL | | BTREE | | 
+------------+------------+----------+--------------+-------------+-----------+- 
------------+----------+--------+------+------------+---------+ 
2 rows in set (0.00 sec)

9.show open table

显示当前表缓冲区中的表

mysql> show open tables; 
+----------+------------+--------+-------------+ 
| Database | Table | In_use | Name_locked | 
+----------+------------+--------+-------------+ 
| django | auth_group | 0 | 0 | 
+----------+------------+--------+-------------+ 
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

10.SHOW PRIVILEGES

显示mysql所支持的权限

11.SHOW [FULL] PROCESSLIST

显示正在使用的线程(thread)

mysql> show processlist; 
+----+------+----------------+--------+---------+------+-------+---------------- 
| Id | User | Host | db | Command | Time | State | Info 
+----+------+----------------+--------+---------+------+-------+---------------- 
| 7 | root | localhost:1158 | django | Query | 0 | NULL | show processlis 
+----+------+----------------+--------+---------+------+-------+---------------- 
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

12.SHOW [GLOBAL | SESSION] VARIABLES [LIKE 'pattern']

显示变量

mysql> show variables like "%char%"; 
+--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------- 
-----+ 
| Variable_name | Value 
+--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------- 
-----+ 
| character_set_client | latin1 
| character_set_connection | latin1 
| character_set_database | utf8 
| character_set_results | latin1 
| character_set_server | utf8 
| character_set_system | utf8 
| character_sets_dir | D:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 4.1\share\chars 
ets/ | 
+--------------------------+---------------------------------------------------- 
-----+ 
7 rows in set (0.00 sec)

13.SHOW WARNINGS [LIMIT [offset,] row_count]
   SHOW COUNT(*) WARNINGS

显示当前session中最后的语句生产成的错误，警告灯信息

                                                                                                                               --转自